Multi-agent deployment guide

Run multiple OpenClaw agents on one VPS without resource wars

A single OpenClaw instance is powerful. A fleet of specialized agents: one for code, one for support, one for research: working in parallel is transformative. This guide shows you how to run multiple OpenClaw agents on one VPS using systemd, Docker Compose, and isolated workspaces.

What is probably broken

Running multiple AI agents on one machine without process isolation leads to resource contention, crashed agents, and lost context. Each agent needs its own config, workspace, and port.

What production should look like

A fleet of 3-6 specialized OpenClaw agents running 24/7 on a single VPS, each with its own identity, channels, and workspace, auto-restarting on failure.

STEP 01

Design your agent roles

Decide which agents you need and what each one owns before writing any config.

  • Define roles: coordinator, coder, support, research, QA, marketing.
  • Each agent gets its own port, workspace directory, and channel bot tokens.
  • The coordinator manages task routing; specialists execute.

STEP 02

Create isolated workspaces per agent

OpenClaw stores memory, config, and credentials per workspace. Duplicate the structure for each agent.

  • Create directories: mkdir -p ~/openclaw/{coordinator,coder,support}/data
  • Each workspace has its own SOUL.md, MEMORY.md, AGENTS.md, and TOOLS.md.
  • Assign a unique port per agent: coordinator on 18789, coder on 18790, support on 18791.

STEP 03

Deploy with Docker Compose multi-service

Define all agents as separate services in one docker-compose.yml for single-command management.

  • Each service uses the same image but different volume mounts and ports.
  • Set AGENT_NAME and AGENT_ROLE environment variables per service.
  • Use --restart unless-stopped so every agent survives reboots.

STEP 04

Rate-limit across agents

Six agents hitting the same API provider will hit rate limits. Build a failover chain.

  • Primary provider: highest-quality model (Claude Sonnet).
  • Secondary provider: same tier, different API key for overflow.
  • Tertiary provider: cheaper model (GPT-4o-mini) as emergency fallback.

STEP 05

Monitor the fleet

An unmonitored multi-agent setup fails silently. Add health checks and alerts.

  • Each container gets a health check endpoint on its assigned port.
  • Use Uptime Robot or a cron script to check every 5 minutes.
  • Post alerts to a dedicated Telegram or Discord channel.

Quick check

Is your app production-ready?

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  • ?Custom domain with HTTPS
  • ?Environment variables configured
  • ?Database wired and backed up
  • ?Auto-deploy on push
  • ?Smoke tested and live

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